Management & Technology

INTRODUCTION Blockchain technology is an emerging technology and widely regarded as a revolutionary technology towards Global Trade Digitization. A Blockchain is a growing list of records, called blocks, which are linked using cryptography. Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp and transaction data. This Technology is suitable for decentralized and transactional sharing of data across a large network of different participants. Blockchain has good potential to transform the logging and management of transactions in different application areas. This technology is successfully used in Bitcoin virtual currency and it also has good potential in non-financial sectors such as Governance, healthcare, cybersecurity, automobiles, media, travel, hospitality, energy, smart cities, etc. 

INTRODUCTION

Minerals are converted to metals in order to benefit from their useful properties. The properties are further enhanced by alloying, working and heat treating. However, all these steps involve a heavy expenditure of resources and energy in various metallurgical operations. The cost to the environment is also significant. Unfortunately, over a period, through the process of corrosion, the metal tends to get back to the combined form, which is more stable. Corrosion has been termed “Cancer of industry�. The cost of loss due to corrosion is estimated to be 3 to 5% of GDP. Any attempt to slow down this process of material degradation will mean huge savings in resources and lesser burdening of the environment. Corrosion Control is more economical than the loss of materials. It also enhances safety, for example, by preventing the collapse of corroded bridges and fall from corroded ladders. The cost of corrosion and the consequent failures can be reduced substantially if the mechanism of corrosion and its mitigation is understood. An understanding of the underlying principles of corrosion science and engineering and knowledge of the multitude of techniques that have been developed to combat corrosion greatly aid the engineer in the prevention or at least retardation of corrosion. The corrosion control methods, e.g., the cathodic protection, proper materials selection, using the inhibitors, and the proper design, are very essential to be understood in order to reduce the cost of corrosion. Surface engineering involves altering the properties of the Surface Phase in order to reduce the degradation over time. This is accomplished by making the surface robust to the environment in which it will be used. The subject of Surface engineering provides strategies for minimal corrosion.

INTRODUCTION

Viewed in the context of globalization and the globalized nature of procurement processes, in the present era, Material and Supply Chain Management (SCM) is truly a crucial function for the success of any organization. This function is not only an ‘in-bound' chain in terms of supply to the manufacturing units but more importantly fast and timely supply to numerous outlets meant to reach every customer in the world. The 'out-bound' chain is thus the sustaining arm of the business and when these two are integrated the emerging picture indeed is crystal clear in terms of the significance of SCM to the success of business. Many companies traditionally focused on increasing efficiency by addressing how they could improve each step in their core processes. Hence, in most organizations, the manufacturing function is now in a more matured state as compared to Materials and Supply Chain Management (SCM) functions, especially in the ‘flow’ type of processes of high volume. Supply Chain integration spells the difference between the view of logistics as an amalgamation of discrete functions of transportation and distribution and the new vision of SCM that links all players and activities involved in converting the raw materials into products and delivering those products to ultimate users at the right time and the right place in the most efficient manner. In dynamic environments, characterized by demand uncertainty, significant seasonality, short product life cycles, intense competition, etc., companies that organize for functional integration outperform others who are not organized for functional excellence. Information and Communication Technology has also emerged as a force multiplier in this field. Solutions like SAP have also brought about a revolution in this field. Hence optimization of Material & SCM function in any organization has assumed greater importance in the present era.

INTRODUCTION

Emotional Intelligence (EI) describes the ability, capacity, skill or, in the case of the trait EI model, a self-perceived ability, to identify, assess, and manage the emotions of one's self, of others, and of groups. Emotional intelligence (EI) is one of the most important ideas to hit the business world in recent years. It is based on the notion that the ability of engineers or executives to understand their own emotions, and those of the people they work with, is the key to better business performance. Typically, “emotional intelligence� is defined in terms of emotional empathy, attention to, and discrimination of, one's emotions, accurate recognition of one's own and others' moods, mood management or control over emotions, response with appropriate (adaptive) emotions and behaviors in various. Interpersonal skills are the skills that a person uses to interact with other people. Interpersonal skills are sometimes also referred to as people skills or communication skills. Interpersonal skills are how people relate to one another. Interpersonal skills involve using skills such as active listening and tone of voice, they include delegation and leadership. It is how well you communicate with someone and how well you behave or carry yourself. Also, they help people further their careers. As an illustration, it is generally understood that communicating respect for other people or professionals within will enable one to reduce conflict and increase participation or assistance in obtaining information or completing tasks.

INTRODUCTION

Vibration refers to mechanical oscillations about an equilibrium point. The oscillations may be periodic such as the motion of a pendulum or random such as the movement of a tire on a gravel road. More often, vibration is undesirable, wasting energy and creating unwanted sound pollution. For example, the vibrational motions of engines, electric motors, or any mechanical device in operation are typically unwanted. Such vibrations can be caused by imbalances in the rotating parts. Imbalances in rotating parts are caused by unequal radial mass distribution on a rotor system, a shaft condition where the mass centerline does not coincide with the geometric centerline. Also, the effective mass causes the rotor to be out of balance. Other reasons may be uneven friction, the meshing of gear teeth, etc. Alignment also plays an important role in the health of the rotary equipment. While carrying alignment Skill, time management and place plays a vital role in upkeep, availability and reliability of the rotating equipment. Asset Effectiveness relates to extracting maximum profits from the minimum investment in plant and equipment, improving Equipment Reliability through the effective prediction (and then avoidance) of equipment failures and minimizing downtime through the integrated planning and scheduling of repairs indicated by Condition Monitoring techniques with those indicated by other techniques. The present programme aims at attending to the above issues.